Overview of the New French Immigration Language Law
France has adopted new legislation that significantly strengthens French language requirements for foreigners applying for long-term residence permits and French citizenship. These measures are part of the Immigration and Integration Law of 26 January 2024, with most provisions entering into force on 1 January 2026.
The reform affects applicants for:
- The multi-year residence permit (titre de séjour pluriannuel)
- The 10-year resident card (carte de résident)
- French citizenship by naturalization
The stated objective of the French government is to reinforce integration by ensuring that long-term residents and future citizens have sufficient command of the French language and knowledge of French civic values.
French Language Level Requirements (CEFR Standards)
From 1 January 2026, applicants must prove their French proficiency according to the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR).
Required French Levels
| Application Type | Minimum French Level Required |
|---|---|
| Titre de séjour pluriannuel | A2 |
| Carte de résident (10-year permit) | B1 |
| French citizenship (naturalization) | B2 |
These requirements apply only to first-time applications under the new system. Renewals of permits already granted under previous rules are generally not affected.
What Do These French Language Levels Mean?
- A2 (Elementary level): Ability to understand common expressions and communicate in simple everyday situations.
- B1 (Intermediate level): Ability to handle most situations encountered at work, during travel, and in social life.
- B2 (Upper-intermediate level): Ability to understand complex texts, express opinions clearly, and interact fluently—now required for French citizenship.
The increase to B2 level for naturalization marks a significant change, as previous requirements were lower.
Accepted Proof of French Language Proficiency
Applicants must provide official certification. Accepted documents typically include:
- DELF or DALF diplomas
- TCF IRN (Test de Connaissance du Français – Intégration, Résidence, Nationalité)
- Recognized French diplomas obtained through education in France (e.g. French university degree or baccalauréat)
Informal proof or declarations of language learning are no longer sufficient.
Introduction of a Mandatory Civic Exam
In addition to language requirements, the new law introduces a mandatory civic exam (examen civique).
Purpose of the Civic Exam
The exam evaluates knowledge of:
- French institutions and democratic principles
- Rights and duties of residents and citizens
- Core values of the French Republic (liberty, equality, secularism)
This civic test becomes a formal and standardized requirement, replacing or supplementing previous assimilation interviews.
Who Is Affected by the New Rules?
The new requirements mainly apply to non-EU nationals applying for long-term residence or French nationality.
Possible Exemptions
Certain categories may benefit from partial or full exemptions, including:
- Refugees and beneficiaries of international protection
- Specific family categories
- Applicants with health conditions or advanced age
- Nationals covered by bilateral agreements (such as specific Algerian arrangements)
Exemptions are assessed on a case-by-case basis by French authorities.
When Do the New Requirements Apply?
- Effective date: 1 January 2026
- Applies to applications submitted on or after this date
- Applications submitted before 2026 may still fall under the previous legal framework
Planning ahead is therefore crucial for applicants close to eligibility.
Practical Impact for Applicants
This reform represents a tightening of integration criteria in France. Applicants should expect:
- Higher expectations for spoken and written French
- Mandatory standardized testing
- Longer preparation timelines before eligibility
Practical Advice
- Begin French language preparation early, especially for B1 or B2 levels
- Choose officially recognized exams
- Prepare specifically for the civic exam content
- Seek professional or legal guidance when planning an application timeline
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